Anther Culture Response of Selected Genotypes of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L)

Abstract

The experiment was conducted to study anther culture response in selected genotypes of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) with the objectives of finding suitable callus induction and regeneration media to speed up the plant breeding programme. The research was designed in Completely Randomized Design. Two different callus induction media were used with different concentrations of NAA 5 mgL-1 (CI-1) and 2.5 mgL-1 (CI-2) on MS medium to find out the best medium for callus induction using Capsicum anthers. The highest percentage of callus induction (52.17%) was obtained in 2.5 mgL-1 NAA (CI-2). To compare the best capsicum variety for callus induction, anthers of one inbred line (1782) and six F1 hybrid varieties (HORDI CAH-43, HORDI CAH-44, HORDI CAH-45, HORDI CAH-46, HORDI CAH-47, HORDI CAH-48) were cultured on CI-2 medium which presented the best callus induction. There was a significant effect in variety-wise comparison (p<0.05) on anther callus induction. The HORDI CAH-45 was given the highest percentage of callus induction (59.32%). Selected calli from the above experiment were transferred into six different callus regeneration media of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mgL-1 Kinetin, and 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mgL-1 Glycine to find out the suitable callus regeneration medium. Callus enlargement and greening had significant (p<0.05) effects on different concentrations of Kinetin and Glycine media. The highest percentage of callus enlargement (99.25%) was obtained in 2.0 mgL-1 Glycine from HORDI CAH-43 and the highest percentage of greening (88.89%) was obtained in 2.0 mgL-1 Kinetin from HORDI CAH-45. It can be concluded that HORDI CAH-45 F1 hybrid variety was the best for callus induction in the MS medium supplemented 2.5 mgL-1 NAA and for the greening of callus in the MS medium combined with 2.0 mgL-1 Kinetin. The best callus enlargement was obtained in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL-1 Glycine from HORDI CAH-43.