Abstract:
The rapid rise of video gaming among young people has generated growing academic
interest in its psychological and cognitive consequences, yet limited attention has
been paid to its effects in South Asian contexts. This study examines the cognitive
impact of video gaming on Sri Lankan youth, a population of increasing relevance
due to their high engagement with digital entertainment and evolving educational and
social environments. Focusing on four core cognitive functions: working memory,
memory retention, reading comprehension, and decision-making, the study adopts a
quantitative research design with an explanatory and deductive approach. Data were
collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 385 participants in the
Colombo district, using a stratified sampling strategy to ensure representation across
demographic segments. Reliability and validity testing confirmed the robustness of
the research instrument. The findings reveal that video gaming exerts both positive
and negative influences on players’ cognition. Certain genres, particularly strategy
and puzzle-based games, enhance problem-solving abilities, critical thinking, and
reflective decision-making. In contrast, excessive gaming, especially involving
violent or speedy content, was associated with diminished memory performance,
reduced attention span, and poor decision-making. Moreover, the frequency, type,
and social context of gaming emerged as significant moderators of these outcomes,
underscoring the complex and multifaceted nature of gaming’s impact. The study
contributes to a nuanced understanding of video games as both potential cognitive
enhancers and psychological stressors. Its findings carry practical implications for
educators, parents, and policymakers, highlighting the need to foster balanced gaming
habits that enhance cognitive benefits while mitigating risks. By situating the analysis
within Sri Lanka, the research expands an in-depth understanding of gaming
behaviour and human cognition and the study provides insights that are culturally
specific and broadly applicable.
