Abstract:
Abstract: Avian biodiversity and bird watching play key roles in enhancing ecotour-
ism initiatives in Sri Lanka. This study investigated the significance of largely unex-
plored avian richness as an ecotourism attraction, based on four large tanks in Anura-
dhapura district, which celebrate for their historical and cultural heritage, but present
untapped potential for ecotourism. Continuous field surveys were carried out in the
tanks: Nuwara Wewa, Abhaya Wewa, Bulankulama, and Tisa Wewa, 18 years from
2000 to 2018. The data collection is composed with species composition, abundance,
and habitat utilization. A total of 181 avian species from 72 families were recorded,
including both migratory and resident species. Some of the prominent species were
Lesser Whistling-duck (Dendrocygna javanica), Black-headed Ibis (Threskiornis
melanocephalus), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), and Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula
krameri). A comparison of avian diversity among tanks was carried out using geospa-
tial analysis techniques in GIS. The study emphasizes the diversity of habitat prefer-
ences of avian species including reedbeds, submerged macrophytes, open water, and
terrestrial environments etc. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of these
habitats are crucial for the development of bird watching facilities ensuring that visi-
tors can appreciate avian diversity while preserving their habitats. Involvement of lo-
cal community in habitat restoration like invasive species removal, native plant prop-
agation, and soil conservation techniques through proper education, raising
awareness, monitoring and responsible ecotourism practices are recommended to en-
sure long-term sustainability of ecotourism management and avian biodiversity con-
servation in the region. The coexistence of historical heritage and avian biodiversity
enhances the potential for a unique ecotourism destination in Anuradhapura district
benefiting the local economy and raising awareness of avian conservation's im-
portance in Sri Lanka
