Abstract:
Marine oil spills are one of the major human-induced disasters with serious
environmental impacts. Therefore, understanding the extent and depth of
environmental impacts is crucial to the concept of ecosystem health assessment.
With this background, we conducted a systematic review to identify the main
types of GIS and RS applications to detect oil spills and to identify how these
types of GIS and RS have been useful in quantifying the environmental impact
caused by oil spills. In the article screening process, research articles related to oil
spills published from 2018 to 2023 were extracted using the “Google Scholar”
academic search engine. We employed “oil spill, GIS & RS, marine biodiversity,
Asian region” as inclusive keywords to screen out articles. For the final analysis
of the data, the screening process yielded a total of 52 articles. The analysis results
showed that the majority of studies have employed Arc GIS combined with
machine learning models to detect the location, extent, and characteristics of the
oil spill, including oil type, texture, and thickness. In monitoring oil spills, satellite
imagery, synthetic aperture radar, and high-resolution hyper-spectral sensors with
CNN machine learning are utilized, along with optical RS, ESRI, and ArcGIS
databases. Integration of GIS platforms with spatial decision support systems and
analytical hierarchical process models, plus secondary data sources, assesses the
onshore and offshore environmental impacts caused by oil spills. Studies evaluate
GIS and RS tools' effectiveness and their impact on marine oil spills, revealing
significant progress in Asian marine oil spills. However, it is clear that
introducing inclusive and comprehensive approach is important to address
challenges including the development of real-time monitoring systems, the
integration of autonomous systems, RS fusion approaches, and oil spill
remediation techniques. Such advancements will contribute to the effective
management and responses to oil spills on spatiotemporal aspects and minimize
their ecological and economic impacts on the marine environment.
